Method of and means for permanently waving hair



R. L. EVANS Dec. 27,1932.

METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR PERMANENTLY WAVING HAIR Original Filed Jan. 21.1932 ATTORNEYS Patented Dec. 27, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE RALPHL EVANS, OF new YORK, N. Y ASSIGNOB TO ZO'I'OS CORPORATION, OF NEW YORK,N. Y, A. CORPORATION OF NEW YORK mnon OF AND MEANS FOR PERMANENTLYWAVIN'G HAIR Original application fled September 22, 1982, Serial No.634,290, which in turn is'a division of application fled January 81,1982, Serial No. 587,890. Divided and this application fled November 12,1932. Serial This invention relates to that class of hair waving inwhich a so-called permanent wave is imparted to a pre-formed tress ofhair by subjecting the tress to the action of a heating chemical, suchas calcium oxide, which, when moistened, will of itself generatesulficient heat to impart a permanent wave to the said tress.

This invention comprises a novel method of and a novel means forcontrolling the development of the heat generated by the self heatingchemical wherein certain materials are used to extend the development ofthe heat over a longer period of time than could be done by the heatingchemical itself.

I have found that the development of the heat may be extendedsuccessfully over a considerable period of time by combining with themoistening solution a substance, as for instance an ammonia compoundwhich would emit a volatile gas, thereby removing the heat and keepingthe temperature down. 4

I have also found that the development of the heat may be extendedsuccessfully over a considerable period of time by combining with themoistening solution a diluent, such as an alcohol.

It is to be understood that the heating chemical may be used in its drypowdered state or that it may be pressed into easily friable cakes, inwhich case a suitable binder, such as dry glycerin, etc.,- may be used.

An example of a hair waving pad embody ing my invention is representedin the accompanying drawing, in which:

Fig. 1 represents an inside plan view of the pad in its unwrappedcondition, the inner absorbent sheetbeingshown at the side of the padand the inner wrapper sheet being shown unfolded;

Fig. 2 represents an inside plan view of the pad in its unwrappedcondition after the inner wrapper flap has been perforated and the innerface of the chem cal containing envelope has been perforated, the innerabsorbent sheet being shown interposed between the inner face of theheating chemical containing envelope and the inner wrapper flap;

Fig. 3 represents a side view of the pad wrapped around a wound tress asinuse; and

Fig. 4 represents a longitudinal central section through the wrappedpad.

The outer wrapper of the hair waving pad is denoted by 1 and ispreferably made of non-absorbent material, as for instance paper. Theinner wrapper is denoted by 2 and 1s, preferably made of metal foil.This inner wrapper is provided with a foldable flap 3. An envelope 4composed of a perforable impervious material, such as metal foil, isattached to the inner face of the inner wrapper 2, which envelopecontains a heatin chemical, such as calcium oxide in powdere form, whichchemical, when moistened, will of itself generate suflicient heat toimpart a so-called permanent wave to a pre-formed tress when enclosedwithin the pad.

An inner removable sheet 5 of absorbent material, such as cotton fabricis arran ed to be moistened and inserted between the up 3 and theenvelope 4 after the inner face of the envelope 4 and the folded overflap 3 of the inner wrapper have been perforated. The

pressing of the flap back into place will squeeze the moisture from thewetted inner sheet into the envelope containing the heating chemical.

In practice, the tress 6 is wound as usual around a mandrel 7. The tressmay be moistened either before or after it is wound, by a suitablewaving solution, such for instance as an ammonia solution. The innerface of the impervious envelope 4 containing the hair waving chemical isperforated as shown at 8, and the folded over flap 3 of the innerwrapper may be perforated at the same time as shown at 9. The innersheet 5 is moistened by water or by a suitable hair waving solution,such as that used for moistening the tress 6. I

The water or solution may be treated to produce the results hereinbeforeset forth.

The pad is then wrapped around the preformed tress and is preferablysecured in position at the scalp end of the tress by a suitable scalpprotecting ard of well known or approved form, such or instance as theself locking guard 10 shown in the accompanying drawing. The outer endof the pad may be secured around the mandrel 7, as for instance bytwisting the outer wrapper of the pad around the same. The exothermicaction starts at once because of the a plication of moisture by thewetted inner eet of the 5 pad to the self heating chemical through theperforations in the inner face of the impervious enveloge. A regulableheat is then set up within t e pad in order to impart a so calledermanent wave to the pre-formed tress without requiring .application ofheat from an outside source. It will be seen that the outside wrapper ofthe pad serves to confine the heat to a largeextent within the pad, thesteam generated bythe combination of the treating solution with thechemical being permitted to escape through the crimped outer end of theouter wrapper.

This 'application'is a'division of my copending application filedSeptember 22, 1932, Serial No. 634,290, which is in turn a division ofmy copending application filed January I 21. 1932, Serial No. 587,890.

What I claim is:

1. Imparting a permanent wave to hair by subjecting the hair to heatgenerated by the reaction of an exothermic material with a moisteningmedium, the development of the heat being extended over a considerableperiod of time by combining a suitable medium with the moisteningmedium.

2. Imparting a permanent wave to hair by subjecting the air toheatgenerated by the reaction of an exothermic material with a moisteningmedium,-the development of the heat being extended over a considerableperiod of time by combining a diluent with the moistening medium.

3. Imparting a permanent wa e to hair by subjecting the hair to heatgenerated by the reaction of an exothermic material with a moisteningmedium,- the development of the heat being extended over a considerablepe-' riod of time by combining an alcohol with the moistening medium.

4. Impartinga permanent wave to hair by subjecting the hair to heatgenerated by the reaction of an exothermicmaterial with amoisteningmedium, thedevelopment of the heat being extended over aconsiderable period of time by combining a salt with the moisteningmedium.

5. Imparting a permanent wave to hair by subjecting thehair to heatgenerated by the reaction of an exothermic material with a moisteningmedium, thedevelopment of the heat being extended over aconsiderableperiod of time by combining ammonium sulphate with the moisteningmedium.

6. Imparting a permanent wave to hair by subjecting the hair to heatgenerated by the reaction of an exothermic material with a moisteningmedium, the development of the heat being extended over a considerablepee5 riod of time by combining ammonium sulphate, which will emit avolatile gas, with the moistening medium.

7. Means for waving hair including a chemical which, when moistened,will generate suflicient heat to impart a permanent wave to the ha1r, amaterial being combined with the moistenin medium for extending thedevelo ment 0 the heat over a considerable period 0 time.

8. Means for waving hair including a chemical which, when moistened,will generate suffic ent heat to impart a ermanent wave to the halr asalt being combined with the moistenmg medium for extendin thedevelopment of the heat over a considera 1e period of time.

9. Means for waving hair including a chemical which, when moistened,will generate suflicient heat to impart a permanent wave to the hair,ammonium sulphate being combined with the moistening medium for extendmgthe development of the heat over a considerable period of time.

v In testimony, that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signedmy name this 28thday of oaober, 1932.

RALPH L. EVANS.

